Análisis del Grado de Contaminación Ambiental producido por la operación de los buques que pernoctan en el Área Cuarentena del Estero Salado
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2017-02
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ingeniería Química
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El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar la calidad físico química y microbiológica del agua estuarina a nivel de la superficie y en la profundidad en el área de cuarentena del Canal del Morro. Se determinaron los niveles de las siguientes variables: Temperatura, salinidad, oxígeno disuelto, demanda bioquímica de oxígeno, PH, Turbidez y STD. También se determinaron los niveles de Nitrato, Nitrito, Fosfatos, Hidrocarburos disueltos dispersos, Silicato y la presencia de bacterias indicadoras de contaminación fecal (coliformes fecales). Durante la toma de muestras de las 18 estaciones se midieron in situ los siguientes parámetros: oxígeno disuelto, pH y temperatura de las muestras de agua
in situ. Los análisis de los parámetros coliformes fecales, DBO, NO2, NO3, Fosfato, silicato, se analizaron en el Laboratorio de Química de INOCAR. Se utilizó el termohigrómetro para medir temperatura y humedad del ambiente, termómetro trazable para medir la temperatura de la muestra, y potenciómetro para medir el pH. En el laboratorio de química del Instituto Oceanográfico de la Armada se realizaron los análisis para la matriz de agua. Los resultados muestran como no existen diferencias significativas P>0.05 entre las variables físico-químicas en la superficie y profundidad del agua, tales como: salinidad, temperatura, PH y oxígeno disuelto y STD. Con respecto a los nitratos, nitritos, fosfatos silicatos, tampoco difieren significativamente P>0.05 y se encuentran entre los niveles permisibles. La concentración de colimorfos fecales muestra valores por debajo del nivel máximo permisible
The purpose of this research was to analyze the physical and microbiological physical quality of estuarine water at the surface and depth in the quarry area of the Morro Channel. The levels of the following variables were determined: Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, PH, Turbidity and STD. The levels of Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphates, Dissolved Dissolved Hydrocarbons, Silicate and the presence of fecal contamination bacteria (fecal coliforms) were also determined. During the sampling of the 18 stations the following parameters were measured in situ: dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature of the water samples in situ. Analyzes of the fecal coliform parameters, BOD, NO2, NO3, Phosphate, silicate, were analyzed in the Chemistry Laboratory of INOCAR, while the parameters of pesticides in sediments were analyzed in the Chemical Laboratory Marcos. The thermohygrometer was used to measure temperature and humidity of the environment, thermometer traceable to measure the temperature of the sample, and potentiometer to measure the pH. The analysis for the water matrix was carried out in the chemistry laboratory of the Oceanographic Institute of the Navy. Method PEE-GQM-FQ-38 (specific procedure of the accredited laboratory Group Chemical Marcos, for water matrix in the microbiological analysis of fecal coliforms and total coliforms) was applied. The results show that there are no significant P> 0.05 differences between the physical and chemical variables in the surface and water depth, such as: salinity, temperature, PH and dissolved oxygen and STD. With respect to nitrates, nitrites, phosphates silicates, they also do not differ significantly P> 0.05 and are among the permissible levels. The concentration of fecal colimorphs shows values below the maximum permissible level
The purpose of this research was to analyze the physical and microbiological physical quality of estuarine water at the surface and depth in the quarry area of the Morro Channel. The levels of the following variables were determined: Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, PH, Turbidity and STD. The levels of Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphates, Dissolved Dissolved Hydrocarbons, Silicate and the presence of fecal contamination bacteria (fecal coliforms) were also determined. During the sampling of the 18 stations the following parameters were measured in situ: dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature of the water samples in situ. Analyzes of the fecal coliform parameters, BOD, NO2, NO3, Phosphate, silicate, were analyzed in the Chemistry Laboratory of INOCAR, while the parameters of pesticides in sediments were analyzed in the Chemical Laboratory Marcos. The thermohygrometer was used to measure temperature and humidity of the environment, thermometer traceable to measure the temperature of the sample, and potentiometer to measure the pH. The analysis for the water matrix was carried out in the chemistry laboratory of the Oceanographic Institute of the Navy. Method PEE-GQM-FQ-38 (specific procedure of the accredited laboratory Group Chemical Marcos, for water matrix in the microbiological analysis of fecal coliforms and total coliforms) was applied. The results show that there are no significant P> 0.05 differences between the physical and chemical variables in the surface and water depth, such as: salinity, temperature, PH and dissolved oxygen and STD. With respect to nitrates, nitrites, phosphates silicates, they also do not differ significantly P> 0.05 and are among the permissible levels. The concentration of fecal colimorphs shows values below the maximum permissible level
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Canal el Morro, Fisicoquímica, Microbiológica, Pesticidas coliformes fecales