Trastornos de lípidos en niños con sobrepeso
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La obesidad con sus consecuencias es una realidad en todo el mundo. En los
últimos años se incrementa el número de niños con altas posibilidades de ser adultos
con enfermedades metabólicas crónicas. El objetivo del estudio busca determinar las
alteraciones séricas de los lípidos en pacientes pediátricos con sobrepeso que asisten
al servicio de consulta externa del Hospital del IESS de Milagro durante el año 2015.
Método utilizado descriptivo, correlacional, transversal no experimental. Los datos
fueron obtenidos de las historias clínicas, se utilizaron las siguientes variables: peso,
talla, índice de masa corporal, tensión arterial, manifestaciones clínicas encontradas
y perfil lipídico. De la muestra de 180 pacientes el 83% eran obesos y 16% con
sobrepeso. De los obesos el 42% correspondían al sexo masculino. El grupo de edad
más afectado fue de 11 a 13 años con el 46.3%. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron
la acantosis nigricans con el 78% y apnea obstructiva del sueño con el 22%. Los
varones con 56.1% presentaron mayor acantosis nigricans. La edad de 13 años con
46.8% fue la más susceptible. El apnea obstructiva del sueño se evidenció en los
varones de 13 años con 15.7% (p=0.0436). Las dislipidemias representaron el 49.4%
en pacientes con obesidad. La hipertrigliceridemia fue la más frecuente con 76.3%.
El grupo de edad más afectado entre los 9 a 14 años. (p=0.00152). Se concluye que la
adolescencia es el grupo más vulnerable y de mayor riesgo a sufrir enfermedades
metabólicas.
Obesity and its consequences is a reality worldwide. In recent years the number of children that reaches adulthood have high chances to develop chronic metabolic diseases. The aim of the study seeks to determine serum lipid abnormalities in pediatric overweight patients attending the outpatient service of IESS Hospital Milagro in 2015. Method used was descriptive, correlational, not experimental. Data was obtained from medical records, the following variables were used: weight, height, body mass, blood pressure, clinical manifestations and lipid profile found. Of the sample of 180 patients 83% were obese and 16% overweight. Of those diagnosed with obesity, 42% were male. The most affected age group was between 11 to 13 years with 46.3%. Clinical manifestations were found acanthosis nigricans with 78% and obstructive sleep apnea with 22%. Males with 56.1% had higher acanthosis nigricans. The age of 13years with 46.8% was the most susceptible age. The obstructive sleep apnea was only seen in males of 13 years 15.7% (p = 0.0436). Alterations in lipid metabolism accounted for 49.4% in patients with obesity. Hypertriglyceridemia was the most frequent dyslipidemia with 76.3%. The group most affected age from 9 to 14. (p = 0.00152). We conclude that adolescence is the most vulnerable and most at risk to suffer metabolic diseases group.
Obesity and its consequences is a reality worldwide. In recent years the number of children that reaches adulthood have high chances to develop chronic metabolic diseases. The aim of the study seeks to determine serum lipid abnormalities in pediatric overweight patients attending the outpatient service of IESS Hospital Milagro in 2015. Method used was descriptive, correlational, not experimental. Data was obtained from medical records, the following variables were used: weight, height, body mass, blood pressure, clinical manifestations and lipid profile found. Of the sample of 180 patients 83% were obese and 16% overweight. Of those diagnosed with obesity, 42% were male. The most affected age group was between 11 to 13 years with 46.3%. Clinical manifestations were found acanthosis nigricans with 78% and obstructive sleep apnea with 22%. Males with 56.1% had higher acanthosis nigricans. The age of 13years with 46.8% was the most susceptible age. The obstructive sleep apnea was only seen in males of 13 years 15.7% (p = 0.0436). Alterations in lipid metabolism accounted for 49.4% in patients with obesity. Hypertriglyceridemia was the most frequent dyslipidemia with 76.3%. The group most affected age from 9 to 14. (p = 0.00152). We conclude that adolescence is the most vulnerable and most at risk to suffer metabolic diseases group.
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Pediatría, Dislipidemias, Lípidos, Obesidad, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital del IESS de Milagro Dr. Federico Bolaños Moreira, Cantón Milagro, Ecuador, Trastornos del metabolismo de los lípidos