Análisis microbiológicos (Coliformes totales y fecales), en aguas residuales generadas en Puerto Libertad que descargan en el Estero Salado
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2019-09
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Los estuarios a lo largo del tiempo se han convertido en lugares de depósito de aguas residuales que provienen de actividades antrópicas de asentamientos urbanos locales. Es así que surgió el interés de analizar la calidad del agua del estero Libertad, ya que la población de la comuna Puerto Libertad genera una contaminación puntual directo al estuario. Se tomaron muestras aleatorias de agua y se midieron parámetros ambientales in-situ en tres sitios de muestreo con sus respectivas replicas, con una periodicidad de tres meses (mayo, junio, julio). Para la identificación de presencia de comunidades bacterianas del grupo Coliformes se empleó el método de tubos múltiples en unidades Numero Más Probable (NMP),cuyos resultaron mostraron su máxima concentración en la estación PL2 (3846,67 NMP/100ml) de Coliformes totales en pleamar y Coliformes fecales en la estación PL3 (1876,67 NMP/100ml) en bajamar, estos valores superan la normativa ecuatoriana, ANEXO 1 Del libro VI del Texto Unificado de Legislación Secundaria del Ministerio del Ambiente (TULSMA), criterios de calidad para aguas con fines. Existe evidencia suficiente para confirmar la hipótesis de la investigación.
The estuaries over time have become places of wastewater storage that come from anthropic activities of local urban settlements. So, the interest to analyze the water quality of the Libertad estuary, the population of the Puerto Libertad commune generates a direct point pollution to the estuary. Random water samples were taken and environmental parameters were measured in-situ at three sampling sites with their respective replicas, with a periodicity of three months (May, June, July). For the identification of the presence of bacterial communities of the Coliform group, the multi-tube method was used in the Most Probable Number (MPN) units, whose results showed maximum concentration at station PL2 (3846.67 MPN / 100ml) of total Coliforms at high tide and faecal coliforms at station PL3 (1876.67 NMP / 100ml) at low tide, these values exceed Ecuadorian regulations, ANNEX 1 of book VI of the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of Environment (TULSMA), quality criteria for waters with Finnish. There is sufficient evidence to confirm the research hypothesis.
The estuaries over time have become places of wastewater storage that come from anthropic activities of local urban settlements. So, the interest to analyze the water quality of the Libertad estuary, the population of the Puerto Libertad commune generates a direct point pollution to the estuary. Random water samples were taken and environmental parameters were measured in-situ at three sampling sites with their respective replicas, with a periodicity of three months (May, June, July). For the identification of the presence of bacterial communities of the Coliform group, the multi-tube method was used in the Most Probable Number (MPN) units, whose results showed maximum concentration at station PL2 (3846.67 MPN / 100ml) of total Coliforms at high tide and faecal coliforms at station PL3 (1876.67 NMP / 100ml) at low tide, these values exceed Ecuadorian regulations, ANNEX 1 of book VI of the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of Environment (TULSMA), quality criteria for waters with Finnish. There is sufficient evidence to confirm the research hypothesis.
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AGUAS RESIDULAES, COLIFORMES TOTALES, COLIFORMES FECALES, CONTAMINACIÓN, ESTUARIO