Actividad física en el grupo de gerontología “El renacer de los adultos mayores” del Cantón Isidro Ayora
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El escaso nivel de actividad física en los adultos mayores a nivel mundial, ha
traído problemas sanitarios, económicos, sociales. En el Cantón Isidro Ayora, se
encuentra el grupo de Gerontología “El Renacer de los adultos mayores”. El objetivo
propuesto consiste en determinar el nivel de actividad física que realizan los adultos
mayores de dicho centro, la presente investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo, de
tipo descriptivo con un diseño transversal. Se incluyó como muestra 75 adultos
mayores perteneciente al grupo de Gerontología. Se realizó recolección de datos
mediante historias clínicas, encontrando que el 43% son hombres y 53% son
mujeres. En la recolección de datos del índice de Barthel se obtuvo como resultado
5% de dependencia moderada, 44% dependencia leve y 51% totalmente
independientes. En escala de disnea mMRC 51% presenta disnea grado 1, 43%
disnea grado 2 y el 5% disnea grado 3 y cuestionario de actividad física diaria, la
mayoría de adultos mayores son activos en actividades diarias livianas, sin
embargo, hay limitantes para realizar actividad física intensa. Conclusión: la
realización de actividad física en adultos mayores ha permitido que lleven un estilo
de vida más activo, reduciendo la fatiga muscular, grado de disnea y aislamiento
social.
The low level of physical activity in older adults worldwide, has brought health, economic and social problems. In the Canton Isidro Ayora, there is the Gerontology group "The Renaissance of older adults”. The proposed objective is to determine the level of physical activity carried out by the older adults of said center. This research has a qualitative, descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design. 75 older adults belonging to the Gerontology group were included as a sample. The data were collected through medical records, finding that 43% are men and 53% are women. In the data collection of the Barthel index, the result was 5% moderate dependence, 44% mild dependence and 51% totally independent. On the mMRC dyspnea scale, 51% present dyspnea grade 1, 43% dyspnea grade 2 and 5% dyspnea grade 3 and daily physical activity questionnaire, most older adults are active in light daily activities, however, there are limitations to perform intense physical activity. Conclusion: the realization of physical activity in older adults has allowed them to lead a more active lifestyle, reducing muscle fatigue, degree of dyspnea and social isolation.
The low level of physical activity in older adults worldwide, has brought health, economic and social problems. In the Canton Isidro Ayora, there is the Gerontology group "The Renaissance of older adults”. The proposed objective is to determine the level of physical activity carried out by the older adults of said center. This research has a qualitative, descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design. 75 older adults belonging to the Gerontology group were included as a sample. The data were collected through medical records, finding that 43% are men and 53% are women. In the data collection of the Barthel index, the result was 5% moderate dependence, 44% mild dependence and 51% totally independent. On the mMRC dyspnea scale, 51% present dyspnea grade 1, 43% dyspnea grade 2 and 5% dyspnea grade 3 and daily physical activity questionnaire, most older adults are active in light daily activities, however, there are limitations to perform intense physical activity. Conclusion: the realization of physical activity in older adults has allowed them to lead a more active lifestyle, reducing muscle fatigue, degree of dyspnea and social isolation.
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ACTIVIDAD FISICA, ADULTOS MAYORES, ENVEJECIMIENTO, FATIGA MUSCULAR, GRUPO DE GERONTOLOGIA “EL RENACER DE LOS ADULTOS MAYORES”, CANTON ISIDRO AYORA, ECUADOR