Caracterización clínica de la displasia broncopulmonar.
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La displasia broncopulmonar se define como una enfermedad pulmonar crónica
caracterizada por dependencia de oxígeno por un periodo mayor a 28 días, que se
produce como consecuencia de la exposición del pulmón inmaduro del prematuro a
noxas ambientales como oxígeno, infecciones, barotrauma, volutrauma. El objetivo de
esta investigación es determinar las características clínicas encontradas en los neonatos
con displasia Broncopulmonar en el área de cuidados intensivos neonatales en el
Hospital Gineco Obstétrico Pediátrico Universitario de Guayaquil durante el periodo de
enero del 2018 a diciembre del 2020. La metodología del trabajo de investigación es de
diseño cuantitativo no experimental de tipo transversal, investigación es de tipo
observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo. El análisis de los datos que se obtuvo fueron
que dentro de las características clínicas se hallan diversas sintomatología y signos
encontrados al momento de recibir a los neonatos dentro de la unidad se evidencia que
los estertores y crepitantes son de alto valor clínico a la hora de la inspección del
neonato, no obstante la taquipnea y la taquicardia también predominan en el cuadro
clínico, la cianosis persistente tiene un desarrollo evolutivo consecuente en el inicio de
la enfermedad, la hipoxemia y la hipercapnia son dos variables de alto riesgo sobre la
vida del neonato.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is defined as a chronic lung disease characterized by oxygen dependence for a period greater than 28 days, which occurs because of the exposure of the immature premature lung to environmental noxes such as oxygen, infections, barotrauma, volutrauma. The objective of this research is to determine the clinical characteristics found in neonates with Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the neonatal intensive care area at the Pediatric Gyneco-Obstetric Hospital of Guayaquil during the period from January 2018 to December 2020. The work methodology of the research is of a quantitative non-experimental cross-sectional design, and the research is of an observational, descriptive, retrospective type. The analysis of the data obtained was that within the clinical characteristics there are various symptoms and signs found at the time of receiving the newborns in the unit, it is evident that the rales and crackles are of high clinical value at the time of the inspection of the newborn, although tachypnea and tachycardia also predominate in the clinical picture, persistent cyanosis has a consequent evolutionary development at the onset of the disease, hypoxemia and hypercapnia are two high-risk variables on the life of the newborn and they are essential signs to start in the neonate.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is defined as a chronic lung disease characterized by oxygen dependence for a period greater than 28 days, which occurs because of the exposure of the immature premature lung to environmental noxes such as oxygen, infections, barotrauma, volutrauma. The objective of this research is to determine the clinical characteristics found in neonates with Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the neonatal intensive care area at the Pediatric Gyneco-Obstetric Hospital of Guayaquil during the period from January 2018 to December 2020. The work methodology of the research is of a quantitative non-experimental cross-sectional design, and the research is of an observational, descriptive, retrospective type. The analysis of the data obtained was that within the clinical characteristics there are various symptoms and signs found at the time of receiving the newborns in the unit, it is evident that the rales and crackles are of high clinical value at the time of the inspection of the newborn, although tachypnea and tachycardia also predominate in the clinical picture, persistent cyanosis has a consequent evolutionary development at the onset of the disease, hypoxemia and hypercapnia are two high-risk variables on the life of the newborn and they are essential signs to start in the neonate.
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DISPLASIA BRONCOPULMONAR, ICTERICIA NEONATAL, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR