Aparatología ortodóntica preventiva en pacientes con pérdida dental prematura
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2022-09
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Introducción: La pérdida prematura de dientes se ha definido como la pérdida de un órgano dental antes del momento de que se complete su exfoliación natural. La aparatología ortodóntica preventiva, tiene como objetivo eliminar, suprimir o evitar cualquier causa que pueda generar una alteración oral que vaya a requerir un tratamiento ortodóntico a futuro. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es describir los tipos de aparatología ortodóntica preventiva que se puede emplear en pacientes pediátricos con perdida dental prematura. Materiales y métodos: Los métodos que se emplearon fueron el analítico-sintético con una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa, exploratorio y documental. Se recolectaron 76 artículos científicos de los últimos 5 años sobre la aparatología ortodóntica preventiva e interceptiva, causas de la pérdida dental prematura, problemas dentales que ocasionan la pérdida dentaria prematura. Resultados: Los resultados fueron que el uso de mantenedores de espacio después de que ocurra una pérdida temprana de una pieza temporaria es una medida preventiva que se emplea para evitar una maloclusión, y el aparato ortodóntico “banda y ansa” una excelente opción después de la pérdida del molar unilateral. Conclusión: Existen muchos tipos de aparatología ortodóntica que se puede emplear tanto para una pérdida dental prematura o la recuperación del espacio perdido por mesialización de las piezas vecinas; las más empleadas para preservación del espacio dentario encontramos al mantener de espacio banda y bucle, y para la recuperación del espacio se emplearon los expansores tipo Hyrax, Hass, Quad hélix.
Introduction: Premature tooth loss has been defined as the loss of a dental organ before the time of complete natural exfoliation. Preventive orthodontic appliances aim to eliminate, suppress or avoid any cause that may generate an oral alteration that will require orthodontic treatment in the future. Objective: The objective of this work is to describe the types of preventive orthodontic appliances that can be used in pediatric patients with premature tooth loss. Materials and methods: The methods used were analytical-synthetic with a qualitative, exploratory, and documentary bibliographic review. 76 scientific articles were collected from the last 5 years on preventive and interceptive orthodontic appliances, causes of premature tooth loss, and dental problems that cause premature tooth loss. Results: The results were that the use of space maintainers after an early loss of a temporary piece occurs is a preventive measure that is used to avoid a malocclusion, and the "band and loop" orthodontic appliance is an excellent option after the loss of the one-sided molar (tooth). Conclusions: There are many types of orthodontic appliances that can be used for premature tooth loss or the recovery of lost space due to mesialization of neighboring teeth; the most used for preservation of the dental space we find when maintaining the band and loop space, and for the recovery of the space the expanders type hyrax, Hass, quad helix were used.
Introduction: Premature tooth loss has been defined as the loss of a dental organ before the time of complete natural exfoliation. Preventive orthodontic appliances aim to eliminate, suppress or avoid any cause that may generate an oral alteration that will require orthodontic treatment in the future. Objective: The objective of this work is to describe the types of preventive orthodontic appliances that can be used in pediatric patients with premature tooth loss. Materials and methods: The methods used were analytical-synthetic with a qualitative, exploratory, and documentary bibliographic review. 76 scientific articles were collected from the last 5 years on preventive and interceptive orthodontic appliances, causes of premature tooth loss, and dental problems that cause premature tooth loss. Results: The results were that the use of space maintainers after an early loss of a temporary piece occurs is a preventive measure that is used to avoid a malocclusion, and the "band and loop" orthodontic appliance is an excellent option after the loss of the one-sided molar (tooth). Conclusions: There are many types of orthodontic appliances that can be used for premature tooth loss or the recovery of lost space due to mesialization of neighboring teeth; the most used for preservation of the dental space we find when maintaining the band and loop space, and for the recovery of the space the expanders type hyrax, Hass, quad helix were used.
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APARATOS ORTODONTICOS, PERDIDA DE DIENTE, MANTENEDOR DE ESPACIO