Factores locales y sistémicos de lesiones gingivales inducidas por placa bacteriana.
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2020-06
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Las lesiones gingivales dominan los primeros lugares entre las enfermedades orales, caracterizadas por infectar e inflamar a la encía sin ocasionar pérdida de inserción, su inicio se debe principalmente a la acumulación de placa bacteriana, en donde la intervención de factores de riesgo locales y sistémicos favorecen su evolución. Objetivo: determinar los factores locales y sistémicos de lesiones gingivales inducidas por placa bacteriana en pacientes atendidos por estudiantes de noveno y décimo semestre en la Clínica Integral del Adulto y Adulto Mayor de la Facultad Piloto de Odontología, período 2019 – 2020 CII. La metodología en la investigación aplicada fue de diseño cualitativo y cuantitativo, descriptivo, explicativo, de tipo no experimental y transversal, se acogió como muestra poblacional a 87 pacientes en donde la recolección de datos se obtuvo se debe mediante una ficha clínica de observación previamente elaborada en conjunto con la anamnesis. Resultados: la higiene oral predominante fue cuestionable, la inflamación gingival resulto ser moderada seguida de inflamación leve, el factor local de mayor riesgo fueron las obturaciones desbordantes, en cuanto a los factores sistémicos prevaleció la hiperglucemia. Conclusión: Los factores locales son reversibles una vez eliminados las áreas retentivas que favorecen la acumulación de placa bacteriana disminuye totalmente el progreso de la lesión, lo contrario sucede con los factores sistémicos quienes son considerados irreversible en donde su control será lo ideal para evitar el desenlace de la lesión gingival.
Gingival lesions dominate the first places within oral diseases, characterized by the infection and inflammation of the gum without causing insertion loss. The onset of gingival lesions is mainly associated with the accumulation of bacterial plaque, whereupon the intervention of local and systemic risks factors favors its evolution. The objective of this research is to determine the local and systemic factors of gingival lesions induced by bacterial plaque in patients assisted by ninth and tenth semester students in the Integral Clinic of the Adult and Senior Adult of the Pilot School of Dentistry Faculty of the University of Guayaquil during the 2019 -2020 period. The methodological design in applied research was qualitative and quantitative whose method corresponds to a descriptive, explanatory, non-experimental and transversal type. 87 patients participated as a population sample where data collection was obtained by clinical observation sheet previously prepared in conjunction with the anamnesis. Findings suggest that the predominant oral hygiene is questionable. In addition, gingival inflammation turned out to be moderate followed by mild inflammation; the local risk factor was the overflow seals, as far systemic factors hyperglycemia prevailed. In all, local factors are reversible once the retentive areas that favor the accumulation of bacterial plaque are eliminated, and the progress of the lesion is totally reduce. On the other hand, systemic factors are considered irreversible where their control will be ideal to avoid the outcome of the gingival lesion.
Gingival lesions dominate the first places within oral diseases, characterized by the infection and inflammation of the gum without causing insertion loss. The onset of gingival lesions is mainly associated with the accumulation of bacterial plaque, whereupon the intervention of local and systemic risks factors favors its evolution. The objective of this research is to determine the local and systemic factors of gingival lesions induced by bacterial plaque in patients assisted by ninth and tenth semester students in the Integral Clinic of the Adult and Senior Adult of the Pilot School of Dentistry Faculty of the University of Guayaquil during the 2019 -2020 period. The methodological design in applied research was qualitative and quantitative whose method corresponds to a descriptive, explanatory, non-experimental and transversal type. 87 patients participated as a population sample where data collection was obtained by clinical observation sheet previously prepared in conjunction with the anamnesis. Findings suggest that the predominant oral hygiene is questionable. In addition, gingival inflammation turned out to be moderate followed by mild inflammation; the local risk factor was the overflow seals, as far systemic factors hyperglycemia prevailed. In all, local factors are reversible once the retentive areas that favor the accumulation of bacterial plaque are eliminated, and the progress of the lesion is totally reduce. On the other hand, systemic factors are considered irreversible where their control will be ideal to avoid the outcome of the gingival lesion.
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PLACA BACTERIANA, CLINICA INTEGRAL DE LA FACULTAD PILOTO DE ODONTOLOGIA, HIGIENE BUCAL