Análisis de mercurio en agua y sedimento en un tramo del río Tenguel del Cantón Ponce Enriquez, Provincia Del Azuay.
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2021-09
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Los ríos del Ecuador poseen un nivel de contaminación elevado, como consecuencia del déficit de Planes de Manejo Ambiental de los cuerpos hídricos. Por lo cual, se planteó determinar los niveles de mercurio en agua y sedimento en el río Tenguel proveniente de las descargas de la industria minera de la provincia del Azuay; para el cual se obtuvieron 12 muestras de agua y 12 para sedimento. Para la cuantificación del Hg se empleó el método de espectrofotometría de absorción atómica, mediante la técnica de vapor frío en un laboratorio acreditado por el SAE. Los resultados demuestran que no existe presencia de mercurio en las muestras de agua del río Tenguel; mientras que, en sedimento se encontraron concentraciones promedias entre 0,061 y 0.16 mg/Kg entre las estaciones, siendo las estaciones 1 (0,24 mg/Kg) y 2(0,26 mg/Kg) quienes superaron los valores de la norma canadiense ISGQ. Finalmente, se acepta parcialmente la hipótesis de investigación al comprobar la ausencia de mercurio en las muestras de agua y la presencia de este metal para las muestras de sedimento las cuales superan los LMP.
The rivers of Ecuador have a high level of contamination, as a consequence of the deficit of Environmental Management Plans of the water bodies. Therefore, it was proposed to determine the levels of mercury in water and sediment in the Tenguel River from the discharges of the mining industry in the province of Azuay; for which 12 water samples and 12 for sediment were obtained. For the quantification of Hg, the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method was used, using the cold vapor technique in a laboratory accredited by the SAE. The results show that there is no presence of mercury in the water samples from the Tenguel River; While, in sediment, average concentrations between 0.061 and 0.16 mg / Kg were found between the stations, with stations 1 (0.24 mg / Kg) and 2 (0.26 mg / Kg) being the ones that exceeded the values of the Canadian standard. ISGQ. Finally, the research hypothesis is partially accepted by checking the absence of mercury in the water samples and the presence of this metal for the sediment samples which exceed the LMP.
The rivers of Ecuador have a high level of contamination, as a consequence of the deficit of Environmental Management Plans of the water bodies. Therefore, it was proposed to determine the levels of mercury in water and sediment in the Tenguel River from the discharges of the mining industry in the province of Azuay; for which 12 water samples and 12 for sediment were obtained. For the quantification of Hg, the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method was used, using the cold vapor technique in a laboratory accredited by the SAE. The results show that there is no presence of mercury in the water samples from the Tenguel River; While, in sediment, average concentrations between 0.061 and 0.16 mg / Kg were found between the stations, with stations 1 (0.24 mg / Kg) and 2 (0.26 mg / Kg) being the ones that exceeded the values of the Canadian standard. ISGQ. Finally, the research hypothesis is partially accepted by checking the absence of mercury in the water samples and the presence of this metal for the sediment samples which exceed the LMP.
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MERCURIO, CONTAMINACIÓN, CUERPOS HÍDRICOS, SEDIMENTO