Engagement laboral y factores de riesgos psicosociales en guardias de seguridad de una empresa privada.
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2022-04-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
Dentro del sector de la seguridad privada, diversas actividades demandan diferentes
tipos de esfuerzo mental, debido a lo que exige su actividad, a la rigidez de la misma
ya que al tener la responsabilidad de velar por el bienestar de personas e incluso el
cuidado de bienes inmuebles, los hace más susceptibles a presentar alteraciones
psicosociales. Por lo citado el objetivo de estudio es Conocer la relación que existe
entre el Engagement laboral y los Riesgos Psicosociales en guardias de seguridad de
una empresa privada durante el año 2021, mediante la aplicación de los cuestionarios
UWES-17 y SUSESO/ISTAS 21, que permita la identificación de oportunidades de
mejora de la organización del trabajo. La población participante fue 164 trabajadores
y el estudio llevó a cabo mediante un alcance transversal, en el cual se midieron las
variables en un único momento. El nivel de profundidad fue descriptivo y
correlacional, para describir el comportamiento de las variables de la muestra
definida, y para establecer la relación existente entre las variables engagement
laboral y los factores de riesgos psicosociales respectivamente. Los resultados
muestran la dimensión mayor puntuada para alto riesgo es Apoyo social en la
empresa y calidad de liderazgo con 79,3% en riesgo alto, 6,95% en riesgo medio y
13,78% en riesgo bajo. Para concluir, los guardias de seguridad de una empresa
privada están expuestos a un ambiente laboral inseguro ya que sus actividades
laborales incluyen estar expuestos a peligros laborales tanto por el lugar de trabajo,
como en los horarios que tienen que cumplir.
Within the private security sector, various activities demand different types of mental effort, due to what their activity requires, its rigidity and that having the responsibility of ensuring the well-being of people and even the care of property real estate, makes them more susceptible to presenting psychosocial alterations. Therefore, the objective of the study is to know the relationship that exists between work Engagement and Psychosocial Risks in security guards of a private company during the year 2021, through the application of the UWES-17 and SUSESO/ISTAS 21 questionnaires, which allows the identification of opportunities to improve the organization of work. The participating population was 164 workers and the study was carried out through a cross-sectional scope, in which the variables were measured in a single moment. The level of depth was descriptive and correlational, to describe the behavior of the variables of the defined sample, and to establish the relationship between the work engagement variables and the psychosocial risk factors, respectively. The results show the highest dimension scored for high risk is social support in the company and leadership quality with 79.3% at high risk, 6.95% at medium risk and 13.78% at low risk. To conclude, the security guards of a private company are exposed to an unsafe work environment since their work activities include being exposed to occupational hazards both in the workplace and in the hours they have to comply with.
Within the private security sector, various activities demand different types of mental effort, due to what their activity requires, its rigidity and that having the responsibility of ensuring the well-being of people and even the care of property real estate, makes them more susceptible to presenting psychosocial alterations. Therefore, the objective of the study is to know the relationship that exists between work Engagement and Psychosocial Risks in security guards of a private company during the year 2021, through the application of the UWES-17 and SUSESO/ISTAS 21 questionnaires, which allows the identification of opportunities to improve the organization of work. The participating population was 164 workers and the study was carried out through a cross-sectional scope, in which the variables were measured in a single moment. The level of depth was descriptive and correlational, to describe the behavior of the variables of the defined sample, and to establish the relationship between the work engagement variables and the psychosocial risk factors, respectively. The results show the highest dimension scored for high risk is social support in the company and leadership quality with 79.3% at high risk, 6.95% at medium risk and 13.78% at low risk. To conclude, the security guards of a private company are exposed to an unsafe work environment since their work activities include being exposed to occupational hazards both in the workplace and in the hours they have to comply with.
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, SALUD E HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL, FACTORES DE RIESGOS, RIESGOS PSICOSOCIALES, SEGURIDAD PRIVADA