Utilización de métodos diagnósticos no invasivos en la evaluación prequirúrgica del tronco arterioso común Hospital Francisco de Ycaza Bustamante Enero 2013- Diciembre 2015
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2019
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El tronco arterioso común es una malformación cardiovascular compleja que representa
aproximadamente el 1% de todas las cardiopatías congénitas. La necesidad de un diagnóstico
precoz y certero hace que se le preste atención, cada día más, a los medios diagnósticos disponibles
en la práctica médica, por lo que se precisa de estas herramientas para determinar los niños que
serían candidatos a intervenciones quirúrgicas, así como la evolución y pronóstico de los mismos.
Es así que se realiza el presente estudio con el objetivo de determinar la utilidad de los métodos
diagnósticos no invasivos en la valoración prequirúrgica del tronco arterioso común en niños
atendidos en el Hospital del Niño “Francisco de Ycaza Bustamante” en el período comprendido
entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2015. Se incluyeron 24 pacientes en un estudio cuantitativo,
observacional, tipo descriptivo conrelacional , y Los datos se recolectaron mediante la aplicación
de una encuesta diseñada a los efectos de la investigación. Fueron más frecuentes los pacientes
menores de 1 año (41.6%), predominando el sexo femenino y los pacientes Tipo I (19 casos) según
la Clasificación de Collet y Edwards. El 50% de los pacientes presentaron grado severo de
hipertensión pulmonar, con una relación moderada entre esta variable y la edad del diagnóstico. Se
puede concluir que la radiografía de tórax fue útil en los hallazgos de los diferentes grados de
cardiomegalia y los hallazgos electrocardiográficos fueron significativamente útiles en el
diagnóstico de hipertrofia biventricular (83,3%), existiendo una relación significativa entre la
adecuada saturación de oxígeno y el avanzado grado de cardiomegalia.
Palabras clave: Cardiopatía congénita; Tronco arterioso común; Métodos diagnósticos
The common truncus arteriosus is a complex cardiovascular malformation that represents approximately 1% of all congenital heart diseases. The need for an early and accurate diagnosis means that more and more attention is paid to the diagnostic means available in medical practice, so these tools are needed to determine the children that would be candidates for surgical interventions, as well as the evolution and prognosis of them. Thus, the present study is carried out in order to determine the utility of non-invasive diagnostic methods in the presurgical assessment of the common truncus arteriosus in children treated at the "Francisco de Ycaza Bustamante" Children's Hospital in the period from January 2013 and December 2015. Twenty-four patients were included in a quantitative, observational, type descriptive, The data was collected through the application of a survey designed for the purposes of the investigation. Patients younger than 1 year (41.6%) were more frequent, with predominance of females and Type I patients (19 cases) according to the Collet and Edwards classification. Fifty percent of the patients presented a severe degree of pulmonary hypertension, with a moderate relationship between this variable and the age of diagnosis. It can be concluded that the chest radiograph was useful in the findings of the different degrees of cardiomegaly and the electrocardiographic findings were significantly useful in the diagnosis of biventricular hypertrophy (83.3%), there being a significant relationship between adequate oxygen saturation and the advanced degree of cardiomegaly.
The common truncus arteriosus is a complex cardiovascular malformation that represents approximately 1% of all congenital heart diseases. The need for an early and accurate diagnosis means that more and more attention is paid to the diagnostic means available in medical practice, so these tools are needed to determine the children that would be candidates for surgical interventions, as well as the evolution and prognosis of them. Thus, the present study is carried out in order to determine the utility of non-invasive diagnostic methods in the presurgical assessment of the common truncus arteriosus in children treated at the "Francisco de Ycaza Bustamante" Children's Hospital in the period from January 2013 and December 2015. Twenty-four patients were included in a quantitative, observational, type descriptive, The data was collected through the application of a survey designed for the purposes of the investigation. Patients younger than 1 year (41.6%) were more frequent, with predominance of females and Type I patients (19 cases) according to the Collet and Edwards classification. Fifty percent of the patients presented a severe degree of pulmonary hypertension, with a moderate relationship between this variable and the age of diagnosis. It can be concluded that the chest radiograph was useful in the findings of the different degrees of cardiomegaly and the electrocardiographic findings were significantly useful in the diagnosis of biventricular hypertrophy (83.3%), there being a significant relationship between adequate oxygen saturation and the advanced degree of cardiomegaly.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Cardiopatías, Tronco arterioso común, Método diagnóstico, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Evaluación preoperatoria