Cáncer papilar de tiroides: factores de riesgo biológicos y culturales que favorecen la recurrencia
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2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedentes. La neoplasia maligna más frecuente dentro del sistema endócrino es el
cáncer de tiroides, que en la última década tiene un notable incremento de casos,
ubicándose entre los canceres más frecuentes a nivel mundial. Objetivo. Determinar los
factores de riesgo biológicos y culturales que favorecen la recurrencia del Cáncer
Papilar de Tiroides. Metodología. Diseño no experimental de corte transversal, de tipo
descriptivo y correlacional retrospectiva que estudió factores de riesgo biológicos y
culturales que favorecen la recurrencia del Cáncer Papilar de Tiroides en el periodo
2005- 2019 en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo Solca-
Guayaquil. Resultados. El 92.1% son mujeres; la edad promedio fue de 57 años de
edad, siendo el grupo etario de 40 a 59 años el más frecuente con 46.6%; el 53.5%
corresponde a la provincia de residencia Guayas; el 58.4% de pacientes fueron
clasificados con riesgo bajo, el 27.7% con riesgo alto y 13.9% con riesgo intermedio;
un 6.9% fallecieron y el 45.5% tiene nivel de instrucción primaria. Con la prueba
estadística de chi cuadrado, dio un valor p de 0.00, por lo que la variable respuesta al
tratamiento tiene relación con el riesgo. Conclusiones. Los factores de riesgo
biológicos y culturales favorecen la recurrencia de la enfermedad, observándose
recidiva en 25 pacientes, de los cuales tres de cada cinco pacientes fueron clasificados
como riesgo alto, en su gran mayoría con una estadificación de “cualquier T y N, M1”,
con un nivel socioeconómico bajo y de educación primaria.
Background. The most frequent malignant neoplasm within the endocrine system is thyroid cancer, which in the last decade has had a great increase in cases, ranking among the most frequent cancers worldwide. Objective. Determine the biological and cultural risk factors that influence the recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Methodology. Non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational retrospective design to studie biological and cultural risk factors that influence the recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer in the period 2005- 2019 at the National Oncological Institute Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo SOLCA-Guayaquil. Results. 92.1% of the patients were women; average age was 57 years old, the most frequent age group was 40 to 59 years with 46.6%; 53.5% had residence in the Guayas province; 58.4% of patients were classified as low risk, 27.7% high risk, and 13.9% intermediate risk; 6.9% of patients died and 45.5% had a primary education level. With the statistical chi-square test, pvalue was 0.00, the response to treatment variable is related to risk. Conclusions. Biological and cultural risk factors favor disease recurrence, with recurrence being observed in 25 patients, three out of five patients were classified as high risk, the vast majority with a staging of "any T any N and M1", with a low socioeconomic level and primary education.
Background. The most frequent malignant neoplasm within the endocrine system is thyroid cancer, which in the last decade has had a great increase in cases, ranking among the most frequent cancers worldwide. Objective. Determine the biological and cultural risk factors that influence the recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Methodology. Non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational retrospective design to studie biological and cultural risk factors that influence the recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer in the period 2005- 2019 at the National Oncological Institute Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo SOLCA-Guayaquil. Results. 92.1% of the patients were women; average age was 57 years old, the most frequent age group was 40 to 59 years with 46.6%; 53.5% had residence in the Guayas province; 58.4% of patients were classified as low risk, 27.7% high risk, and 13.9% intermediate risk; 6.9% of patients died and 45.5% had a primary education level. With the statistical chi-square test, pvalue was 0.00, the response to treatment variable is related to risk. Conclusions. Biological and cultural risk factors favor disease recurrence, with recurrence being observed in 25 patients, three out of five patients were classified as high risk, the vast majority with a staging of "any T any N and M1", with a low socioeconomic level and primary education.
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Factores de riesgo, Hipotiroidismo, Sistema Endocrino, Neoplasias de tiroides, Hospital SOLCA de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador