Hábitos alimentarios y su relación con el estado nutricional en pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis pulmonar
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2020
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar hábitos alimentarios y su
relación con el estado nutricional en pacientes con diagnóstico de Tuberculosis Pulmonar
atendidos en el Centro de Salud Tipo C “ Cisne 2” de la ciudad de Guayaquil. La
metodología usada fue de diseño no experimental, retrospectivo y de corte transversal. La
población estuvo conformada por 45 pacientes y la muestra comprendió el 100% de la
población. Se determinó el estado nutricional de los pacientes según el Indice de Masa
Corporal (IMC), se les aplicó Cuestionario de Frecuencia de Alimento (FCA). Según las
medidas antropométricas (IMC) el 53% de los pacientes presentó un estado nutricional
normal, el 18 % sobrepeso, el 13% delgadez leve, el 9% delgadez moderada y el 7 %
delgadez severa. Se comparó el estado nutricional con la frecuencia de consumo de los
diferentes grupos de alimentos y se halló significancia estadística en el grupo de los
cereales (p= 0,0005), tubérculos (p= 0,0249), carnes y huevos con (p=0,00230) y grasas
(p= 0,0163). Se concluye que existe una correlación entre la ingesta de determinados
grupos de alimentos y el estado nutricional de los pacientes.
This research aimed to determine eating habits and their relationship to nutritional status in patients diagnosed with Pulmonary Tuberculosis served at the Type C Health Center "Cisne 2" in the city of Guayaquil. The methodology used was non-experimental, retrospective and cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 45 patients and the sample comprised 100% of the population. Patients' nutritional status was determined according to the Body Mass Index (BMI), given Food Frequency Questionnaire (FCA). According to anthropometric measures (BMI) 53% of patients had a normal nutritional status, 18% overweight, 13% mild thinness, 9% moderate thinness and 7% severe thinness. Nutritional status was compared with the frequency of consumption of the different food groups and statistical significance was found in the cereal group (p. 0.0005), tubers (p. 0.0249), meats and eggs with (p-0.00230) and fats (p- 0.0163). It is concluded that there is a correlation between the intake of certain food groups and the nutritional status of patients.
This research aimed to determine eating habits and their relationship to nutritional status in patients diagnosed with Pulmonary Tuberculosis served at the Type C Health Center "Cisne 2" in the city of Guayaquil. The methodology used was non-experimental, retrospective and cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 45 patients and the sample comprised 100% of the population. Patients' nutritional status was determined according to the Body Mass Index (BMI), given Food Frequency Questionnaire (FCA). According to anthropometric measures (BMI) 53% of patients had a normal nutritional status, 18% overweight, 13% mild thinness, 9% moderate thinness and 7% severe thinness. Nutritional status was compared with the frequency of consumption of the different food groups and statistical significance was found in the cereal group (p. 0.0005), tubers (p. 0.0249), meats and eggs with (p-0.00230) and fats (p- 0.0163). It is concluded that there is a correlation between the intake of certain food groups and the nutritional status of patients.
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CONDUCTA ALIMENTARIA, ESTADO NUTRICIONAL, TUBERCULOSIS PULMONAR, ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO, CENTRO DE SALUD TIPO C CISNE 2, CANTÓN GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR