Análisis de riesgos psicosociales en personal sanitario de un hospital básico de la ciudad de Guayaquil, asociados a la pandemia COVID-19.
No hay miniatura disponible
Archivos
Fecha
2022-04-05
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar los principales factores de riesgos
psicosociales existentes en los trabajadores de la salud de un Hospital Básico de la
Ciudad de Guayaquil, durante la pandemia por SARS Cov-2, La metodología se basa
en la recolección de datos a través del cuestionario de riesgo psicosocial laboral,
donde se consideraron como criterio de inclusión; personal de salud del área de
emergencia de un Hospital Básico de la ciudad de Guayaquil, que laboró durante la
pandemia de Covid – 19 en el año 2021. Así mismo se evidenció una preponderancia
de riesgo psicosocial medio en dimensiones críticas como acoso laboral,
recuperación y condiciones de trabajo, que cabe destacar constituyen aspectos
fundamentales en el desarrollo de ambientes laborales adecuado. Durante la
recolección bibliográfica se pudo identificar que lo mayoría de los artículos
publicados, confluyeron en los riesgos psicosociales como factor silente en el
desarrollo de enfermedad físico orgánicas, que será directamente proporcional a la
gravedad del nivel de riesgo encontrado, afianzando por tanto el desequilibrio del
estado de bienestar físico y mental, que requiere un individuo para gozar de buena
salud o ser considerado saludable. Por otra parte, la somatización de síntomas
derivados de trastornos de ansiedad o depresión acarreado por ambientes laborales
no adecuado, promueven el ausentismo, lo que confirma la necesidad del personal y
colectiva de estudiar dichos riesgos y establecer medidas a corto, mediano y largo
plazo, orientados a la obtención de ambientes laborales adecuados, generando mejor
calidad de servicio y productividad sin afectar la salud física y mental del trabajador
de la salud. Por tanto, la implementación de programa de prevención de riesgos
psicosociales limitará entonces las situaciones adversas antes descritas.
The objective of this article is to analyze the main existing psychosocial risk factors in health workers of a Basic Hospital in the City of Guayaquil, during the SARS Cov-2 pandemic. The methodology is based on data collection through the Occupational Psychosocial Risk Questionnaire (Moreno, 2018), where they were considered as inclusion criteria; health personnel from the emergency area of a Basic Hospital in the city of Guayaquil, who worked during the Covid-19 Pandemic in 2021. Likewise, a preponderance of Medium Psychosocial Risk was evidenced in critical dimensions such as Workplace Harassment, Recovery and Working Conditions, which should be highlighted, constitute fundamental aspects in the development of adequate work environments. During the literature collection, it was possible to identify that most of the published articles converged on psychosocial risks as a silent factor in the development of physical-organic disease, which will be directly proportional to the severity of the level of risk found, thus strengthening the imbalance of the state of physical and mental well-being, which an individual requires to enjoy good health or be considered healthy. On the other hand, the somatization of symptoms derived from anxiety disorders or depression caused by inadequate work environments promote absenteeism, which confirms the need for staff and the collective to study these risks and establish measures in the short, medium and long term, aimed at obtaining adequate work environments, generating better quality of service and productivity without affecting the physical and mental health of the health worker. Therefore, the implementation of the Psychosocial Risk prevention program will then limit the adverse situations described above.
The objective of this article is to analyze the main existing psychosocial risk factors in health workers of a Basic Hospital in the City of Guayaquil, during the SARS Cov-2 pandemic. The methodology is based on data collection through the Occupational Psychosocial Risk Questionnaire (Moreno, 2018), where they were considered as inclusion criteria; health personnel from the emergency area of a Basic Hospital in the city of Guayaquil, who worked during the Covid-19 Pandemic in 2021. Likewise, a preponderance of Medium Psychosocial Risk was evidenced in critical dimensions such as Workplace Harassment, Recovery and Working Conditions, which should be highlighted, constitute fundamental aspects in the development of adequate work environments. During the literature collection, it was possible to identify that most of the published articles converged on psychosocial risks as a silent factor in the development of physical-organic disease, which will be directly proportional to the severity of the level of risk found, thus strengthening the imbalance of the state of physical and mental well-being, which an individual requires to enjoy good health or be considered healthy. On the other hand, the somatization of symptoms derived from anxiety disorders or depression caused by inadequate work environments promote absenteeism, which confirms the need for staff and the collective to study these risks and establish measures in the short, medium and long term, aimed at obtaining adequate work environments, generating better quality of service and productivity without affecting the physical and mental health of the health worker. Therefore, the implementation of the Psychosocial Risk prevention program will then limit the adverse situations described above.
Descripción
Este documento contiene archivo en PDF.
Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, SALUD E HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL, RIESGOS PSICOSOCIALES, PERSONAL DE SALUD, COVID-19