Caracterización de las fracturas de cadera ocasionadas por caídas vs. accidente de tránsito
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Los traumatismos en las extremidades tanto superiores como inferiores son la causa de alta
demanda en los servicios de emergencia, llegando hasta un 30% de todos los pacientes que
llegan por traumatismos a la unidad hospitalaria. Las fracturas de cadera ocasionadas por
caídas y accidentes de tránsito constituyen un gran problema de salud, con serias
repercusiones socioeconómicas y psicosociales. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo
determinar la caracterización de las fracturas de cadera ocasionadas por caídas vs accidentes
de tránsito, el mismo que se realiza en el área de emergencia del Hospital Abel Gilbert
Pontón en el periodo comprendido entre febrero a julio del 2016. Como materiales y
métodos la investigación se basa en un estudio de tipo descriptivo, analítico, cuantitativo, no
experimental y transversal, con una muestra constituida por 108 pacientes que sufrieron
fractura de cadera. Se utilizó como método de investigación la observación científica, así
como las historias clínicas de estos pacientes, lo cual permitió obtener dicha información. En
los resultados se obtiene una correlación p =0.07 entre el sexo como factor de riesgo y el
mecanismo productor de la lesión; como mecanismo productor de las fracturas de cadera se
llega a la conclusión que el mecanismo más frecuente son las caídas, siendo el sexo femenino
más afectado por esta patología y en el sexo masculino es ocasionada por los accidentes de
tránsito.
Upper and lower extremity injuries are the cause of high demand in the emergency services, reaching up to 30% of all patients who arrive by trauma to the hospital unit. Hip fractures caused by falls and traffic accidents are a major health problem, with serious socioeconomic and psychosocial repercussions. The objective of the present study determine characterization of hip fractures caused by falls vs. traffic accidents, the same that is done in the emergency area of the Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón in the period between February to July of 2016. As materials and methods Research is based on a descriptive, analytical, quantitative, non experimental and transverse study, with a sample consisting of 108 patients who suffered hip fracture. The scientific observation, as well as the clinical histories of these patients, was used as research method, which allowed obtaining this information. In the results, a correlation p = 0.07 was obtained between sex as a risk factor and the mechanism that produced the lesion; As a mechanism for producing hip fractures, it is concluded that the most frequent mechanism is falls, the female being more affected by this pathology and in the male sex is caused by traffic accidents.
Upper and lower extremity injuries are the cause of high demand in the emergency services, reaching up to 30% of all patients who arrive by trauma to the hospital unit. Hip fractures caused by falls and traffic accidents are a major health problem, with serious socioeconomic and psychosocial repercussions. The objective of the present study determine characterization of hip fractures caused by falls vs. traffic accidents, the same that is done in the emergency area of the Hospital Abel Gilbert Pontón in the period between February to July of 2016. As materials and methods Research is based on a descriptive, analytical, quantitative, non experimental and transverse study, with a sample consisting of 108 patients who suffered hip fracture. The scientific observation, as well as the clinical histories of these patients, was used as research method, which allowed obtaining this information. In the results, a correlation p = 0.07 was obtained between sex as a risk factor and the mechanism that produced the lesion; As a mechanism for producing hip fractures, it is concluded that the most frequent mechanism is falls, the female being more affected by this pathology and in the male sex is caused by traffic accidents.
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Accidentes de tránsito, Heridas y lesiones, Fracturas de cadera, Epidemiología descriptiva, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador