Análisis de hidrocarburos totales de petróleo en el agua del río El Poste, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador.
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2021-03
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
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Los hidrocarburos totales de petróleo son un conjunto de compuestos químicos derivados del petróleo y se consideran altamente tóxicos para el ambiente y la biota en general, el río El Poste ubicado en la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas es un recurso aprovechado por la comunidad ancestral Tsáchilas, la misma que se ha visto perjudicada por la alteración de la calidad del agua desde hace varios años, especialmente por
materiales oleosos y viscosos. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar los niveles de TPH en el agua superficial del río, por lo cual se establecieron 4 puntos a lo largo del mismo donde se tomaron muestras por triplicado para ser analizadas mediante el método de cromatografía de gases; de la misma forma se determinaron los parámetros fisicoquímicos de pH, salinidad, temperatura y conductividad eléctrica. Todas las
muestras presentaron ausencia de TPH con un valor de <0.10 mg/l en todos los puntos, sin embargo, se presentó una propuesta de manejo y plan de prevención y mitigación de impactos con la participación activa de los pueblos ancestrales aledaños para mitigar todo vestigio de contaminación del río de forma general.
Total petroleum hydrocarbons are a group of chemical compounds derived from petroleum and are considered highly toxic to the environment and biota in general. The El Poste river located in the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas is a resource used by the ancestral Tsáchilas community, which has been affected by the alteration of water quality for several years, especially by oily and viscous materials. The objective of this research was to analyze the levels of TPH in the surface water of the river, 4 points were established along the river where samples were taken in triplicate to be analyzed by the gas chromatography method, in the same way the physicochemical parameters of pH, salinity, temperature and electrical conductivity were determined. All samples showed an absence of TPH with a value of <0.10 mg/l at all points; however, a management proposal and impact prevention and mitigation plan was presented with the active participation of the surrounding ancestral communities to mitigate the potential contamination of the river in general.
Total petroleum hydrocarbons are a group of chemical compounds derived from petroleum and are considered highly toxic to the environment and biota in general. The El Poste river located in the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas is a resource used by the ancestral Tsáchilas community, which has been affected by the alteration of water quality for several years, especially by oily and viscous materials. The objective of this research was to analyze the levels of TPH in the surface water of the river, 4 points were established along the river where samples were taken in triplicate to be analyzed by the gas chromatography method, in the same way the physicochemical parameters of pH, salinity, temperature and electrical conductivity were determined. All samples showed an absence of TPH with a value of <0.10 mg/l at all points; however, a management proposal and impact prevention and mitigation plan was presented with the active participation of the surrounding ancestral communities to mitigate the potential contamination of the river in general.
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CONTAMINACIÓN, CROMATOGRAFÍA DE GASES, COMUNIDAD ANCESTRAL, HIDROCARBUROS TOTALES DE PETRÓLEO