Estudio de los factores psicosociales presentes en los puestos de trabajo de la Empresa Camaronera Ecuatrainers.
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Fecha
2021-12-28
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
Los factores de riesgos psicosociales perturban el normal desarrollo de las funciones
del personal, afectando su salud física y psíquica. El objetivo de esta investigación fue
identificar y medir su presencia en los diferentes puestos de trabajo de la empresa
camaronera Ecuatrainers a través del cuestionario de evaluación SUSESO ISTAS 21
con la finalidad de establecer medidas correctivas que disminuyan los mismos. Se
aplicó el cuestionario de evaluación de riesgos psicosociales a cien trabajadores de la
organización entre personal administrativo y operativo, cuyos resultados obtenidos
evidenciaron que existe un riesgo alto en las dimensiones de: exigencias psicológicas
en un 67%, compensaciones en un 67%, trabajo activo y desarrollo de habilidades en
un 66% y en apoyo social y calidad de liderazgo en un 58%, debido a que su prevalencia
es mayor de 50%. En la dimensión doble presencia mostró un riesgo bajo del 48%, sin
embargo, este resultado, no deja de ser importante puesto que forma parte de los
factores de riesgos psicosociales identificados con porcentaje dentro de lo permitido,
razón por la cual, es necesario su seguimiento en estudios próximos para evitar el
incremento de esta dimensión. Finalmente, para complementar este estudio se propone
el desarrollo de un plan de prevención de factores de riesgos psicosociales para cada
una de las dimensiones, el cual contiene actividades informativas, dinámicas o lúdicas
con frecuencia bimensual por un intervalo de tiempo de seis meses con el propósito de
concientizar al personal acerca de los efectos en la salud y la influencia de estos dentro
de la organización.
Psychosocial risk factors disrupt the normal development of staff functions, affecting their physical and mental health. The objective of this research was to identify and measure their presence in the different jobs of the shrimp company Ecuatrainers through the SUSESO ISTAS 21 evaluation questionnaire in order to establish corrective measures to reduce them. The psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire was applied to one hundred workers of the organization among administrative and operational personnel, the results of which showed that there is a high risk in the dimensions of: psychological demands in 67%, compensation in 67%, active work and development of skills in 66% and in social support and quality of leadership in 58%, due to the fact that its prevalence is greater than 50%. In the double presence dimension, it showed a low risk of 48%, however this result is still important since it is part of the psychosocial risk factors identified with a percentage within what is allowed, which is why its follow-up is necessary. in future studies to avoid increasing this dimension. Finally, to complement this study, the development of a plan for the prevention of psychosocial risk factors for each of the dimensions is proposed, which contains informative, dynamic or recreational activities with bimonthly frequency for a time interval of six months with the purpose to make staff aware of the health effects and their influence within the organization.
Psychosocial risk factors disrupt the normal development of staff functions, affecting their physical and mental health. The objective of this research was to identify and measure their presence in the different jobs of the shrimp company Ecuatrainers through the SUSESO ISTAS 21 evaluation questionnaire in order to establish corrective measures to reduce them. The psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire was applied to one hundred workers of the organization among administrative and operational personnel, the results of which showed that there is a high risk in the dimensions of: psychological demands in 67%, compensation in 67%, active work and development of skills in 66% and in social support and quality of leadership in 58%, due to the fact that its prevalence is greater than 50%. In the double presence dimension, it showed a low risk of 48%, however this result is still important since it is part of the psychosocial risk factors identified with a percentage within what is allowed, which is why its follow-up is necessary. in future studies to avoid increasing this dimension. Finally, to complement this study, the development of a plan for the prevention of psychosocial risk factors for each of the dimensions is proposed, which contains informative, dynamic or recreational activities with bimonthly frequency for a time interval of six months with the purpose to make staff aware of the health effects and their influence within the organization.
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, SALUD E HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL, FACTORES DE RIESGO, RIESGOS PSICOSOCIALES, SUSESO ISTAS 21