Manejo de las alteraciones de la erupción dentaria relacionada con los odontomas
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2021-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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Los odontomas son neoplasias benignas que se presentan de manera frecuente en ambos géneros, entre la primera y segunda década de vida su prevalencia o incidencia es alta, entre los tumores odontogénicos, los odontomas se clasifican en compuestos y complejos siendo los compuestos los más recurrentes en presentarse en la cavidad bucal, afectando así la erupción normal de la dentición permanente. Los odontomas histológicamente están formados por células epiteliales y mesenquimatosas, las cuales forman de manera normal esmalte, dentina y cemento y en ocasiones presentan pulpa, pero no llegan a la erupción se vuelven masas benignas que interrumpen la erupción de la pieza permanente. La aparición de estos odontomas supera el 50% de los casos que se han registrado de los tumores odontogénicos. El principal objetivo es conocer las principales alteraciones dentarias que están asociadas a los odontomas, identificar las características tanto clínicas, histológicas y radiográficas que los odontomas presentan, para así poder dar el tratamiento y un buen pronóstico. Los odontomas se los asocia a diversas anomalías que se presentan en boca como los supernumerarios, defectos genéticos e incluso a traumatismos que se han presentado en la dentición temporaria, pero no se ha comprobado que estos sean los causantes de su aparición. El odontoma al ser una patología asintomática y no presentar características clínicas su hallazgo suele ser complicado ya que estos son visibles únicamente en imágenes radiográficas, que es un examen de diagnóstico que se realiza como rutina ante la ausencia de una pieza dental o la persistencia de una diente temporal, en ciertos casos reportados sobre odontomas manifiestan que algunos han presentados cierta sintomatología se han podido observar un ligero abultamiento en los tejidos blandos, en la mucosa esto se da por que las tablas óseas se han expandido por el tamaño del odontoma
Odontomas are benign neoplasms that occur frequently in both genders, between the first and second decade of life its prevalence or incidence is high, among odontogenic tumors, odontomas are classified into compound and complex, being the compounds the most recurrent in the oral cavity, thus affecting the normal eruption of the permanent dentition. Histologically, odontomas are formed by epithelial and mesenchymal cells, which normally form enamel, dentin and cementum and sometimes present pulp, but they do not reach the eruption and become benign masses that interrupt the eruption of the permanent teeth. The appearance of these odontomas exceeds 50% of the reported cases of odontogenic tumors. The main objective is to know the main dental alterations that are associated with odontomas, to identify the clinical, histological and radiographic characteristics that odontomas present, in order to be able to provide treatment and a good prognosis. Odontomas are associated with various anomalies that occur in the mouth such as supernumeraries, genetic defects and even trauma that have occurred in the primary dentition, but it has not been proven that these are the cause of their appearance. Odontomas, being an asymptomatic pathology and not presenting clinical characteristics, their finding is usually complicated because they are only visible in radiographic images, which is a diagnostic test that is routinely performed in the absence of a dental piece or the persistence of a temporary tooth. In certain cases reported on odontomas, some have presented certain symptoms and a slight bulge in the soft tissues has been observed in the mucosa, this is because the bone tables have expanded due to the size of the odontoma.
Odontomas are benign neoplasms that occur frequently in both genders, between the first and second decade of life its prevalence or incidence is high, among odontogenic tumors, odontomas are classified into compound and complex, being the compounds the most recurrent in the oral cavity, thus affecting the normal eruption of the permanent dentition. Histologically, odontomas are formed by epithelial and mesenchymal cells, which normally form enamel, dentin and cementum and sometimes present pulp, but they do not reach the eruption and become benign masses that interrupt the eruption of the permanent teeth. The appearance of these odontomas exceeds 50% of the reported cases of odontogenic tumors. The main objective is to know the main dental alterations that are associated with odontomas, to identify the clinical, histological and radiographic characteristics that odontomas present, in order to be able to provide treatment and a good prognosis. Odontomas are associated with various anomalies that occur in the mouth such as supernumeraries, genetic defects and even trauma that have occurred in the primary dentition, but it has not been proven that these are the cause of their appearance. Odontomas, being an asymptomatic pathology and not presenting clinical characteristics, their finding is usually complicated because they are only visible in radiographic images, which is a diagnostic test that is routinely performed in the absence of a dental piece or the persistence of a temporary tooth. In certain cases reported on odontomas, some have presented certain symptoms and a slight bulge in the soft tissues has been observed in the mucosa, this is because the bone tables have expanded due to the size of the odontoma.
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ODONTOMA, TUMORES ODONTOGENICOS, ESMALTE DENTAL