Diseño de una pizarra interactiva usando una tarjeta de adquisición de datos.
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Fecha
2019-04-22
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Teleinformática.
Resumen
En el presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolló un prototipo de pizarra interactiva en el que se utilizó la plataforma Matlab y un dispositivo de adquisión de datosque ayuda a realizar el procesamiento de imágenes en el que detecta laluz infrarrojacon el cual se pueden controlar funciones del cursor de Windows. Debidoal impacto negativo que ocasionanal ecosistema los residuos plásticos y tóxicosde los marcadores acrílicos, y al recurrente gasto que hace la Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad de Guayaquil en la adquisición de estos materiales para actividades académicas,la mayoría de los docentesde la carrera de Ingeniería en Teleinformáticaestá de acuerdo en la implementación de pizarras interactivas. En el desarrollo del proyecto se llevaron a cabo las técnicas metodológicas como la bibliográfica, cuantitativa y experimental, en la cual en lametodología cuantitativa se realizaron encuestas a los docentes para comprobar el número de insumos acrílicos que se utilizan y comprobar que hayan proyectores instalados en las aulas de la carrera y que estén en buen estado, se comprobó que hay gran demanda de marcadores acrílicos y que no todas las aulas cuentan con proyectoresinstaladosy en buen estado.El prototipo desarrollado usa procesos de Binarizaciónycálculo de centroide en la plataforma de Matlabparala detección del LEDinfrarrojo y parael control del cursor los cuales se traducen como comandos para la computadora, funciona aproximadamente a 2 metros de distancia de la cámara, en un ambiente cerrado ya que la luz solarque se reflejaen la superficie causa interferencia al momento en elque seenfoca la cámara y como consecuencia resultan problemas en la ejecución, aunque se necesita de procesos de corrección proyectiva para usarlo sobre una superficie proyectadacomo una pantalla táctil.
In the present work of investigation, an interactive whiteboardprototype was developed in which the Matlab platform and a dataacquisition device were requiredthat helps to perform the image processing which detects the infrared light with whichcan be controlledWindows cursor functions.Due to the negative impact that the plastic and toxic residuesof the acrylic markerscauseto the ecosystem, and to the recurrent expenditure made bythe Faculty of Industrial Engineering of the University of Guayaquil in the acquisition of these materials for academic activities, the majority teachersof the engineering career in Teleinformaticsagree on the implementation of interactive whiteboards. In the development of the project, methodological techniques were carried out, such as the bibliographic, quantitative and experimental, in whichinthe quantitative methodology was used to conduct surveys to teachers to check the number of acrylic inputs that are used and to verify that projectors are installed in the classrooms of the careerand that are in good conditions, it was found that there is a great demand ofacrylic markers and that not all classrooms have these devices of projectioninstalled and in good conditions. The developed prototype uses Binarization and centroid calculation processes on the Matlab platformfor the detection of the infrared LEDand for the control of the cursor which are translated as commands for the computer, where it works approximately 2 meters away from the camera, in a closed environment because the sunlight reflected on the surface causes interference at the time that the camera is focused, and as consequences result problems in the execution,although projective correction processes are needed to use it on a surface projected as a touch screen.
In the present work of investigation, an interactive whiteboardprototype was developed in which the Matlab platform and a dataacquisition device were requiredthat helps to perform the image processing which detects the infrared light with whichcan be controlledWindows cursor functions.Due to the negative impact that the plastic and toxic residuesof the acrylic markerscauseto the ecosystem, and to the recurrent expenditure made bythe Faculty of Industrial Engineering of the University of Guayaquil in the acquisition of these materials for academic activities, the majority teachersof the engineering career in Teleinformaticsagree on the implementation of interactive whiteboards. In the development of the project, methodological techniques were carried out, such as the bibliographic, quantitative and experimental, in whichinthe quantitative methodology was used to conduct surveys to teachers to check the number of acrylic inputs that are used and to verify that projectors are installed in the classrooms of the careerand that are in good conditions, it was found that there is a great demand ofacrylic markers and that not all classrooms have these devices of projectioninstalled and in good conditions. The developed prototype uses Binarization and centroid calculation processes on the Matlab platformfor the detection of the infrared LEDand for the control of the cursor which are translated as commands for the computer, where it works approximately 2 meters away from the camera, in a closed environment because the sunlight reflected on the surface causes interference at the time that the camera is focused, and as consequences result problems in the execution,although projective correction processes are needed to use it on a surface projected as a touch screen.
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Palabras clave
TECNOLOGÍAS APLICADAS, PIZARRA INTERACTIVA, ADQUISICIÓN DE DATOS, LED INFRARROJO