Determinación de la Línea Base de la Propuesta a Nueva Zona de Depósito de la Calidad de Agua y Sedimentos de Fondo Superciales
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2016-12
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ingeniería Química
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La problemática actual de la condición del Estero Salado debido a las actividades antropogénicas que se realizan, han afectado los recursos naturales. Existen diferentes estudios realizados por entidades sobre las características físicas, químicas, biológicas y económicas del mismo, con cuyos resultados se considera tomar medidas de mitigación del impacto generado por la contaminación del Estero, por lo cual existen zonas de áreas protegidas, para su respetiva conservación. Este estudio se enfoca en la caracterización de parámetros físicos, químicos, y biológicos del área propuesta como nueva zona de depósito del dragado del canal de acceso al Puerto de Guayaquil, ubicada en coordenadas latitud 02º 31' 24.177" y longitud 80º 03' 46.453", tiene como objetivo principal establecer una línea base del agua y sedimento del área que será afectada por la descarga de sedimentos, de las actividades del dragado, a fin de poder realizar estudios comparativos a futuro que permitan conocer la variaciones existentes en las componentes físicas, químicas y biológicas del estuario. La toma de muestra es realizada durante el mes de Agosto de 2016 en época seca, en 18 puntos del área de influencia, tomando en cuenta los métodos de muestreo respectivos. Los parámetros analizados en las muestras de agua son temperatura, salinidad, pH, OD, DBO5, nitrato, nitrito, fosfato, silicato, HDD, SST, turbidez, coliformes
fecales y totales, hidrocarburos, plaguicidas organofosforados, clorofila-a, fitoplancton, zooplancton. En las muestras de sedimentos se analizó coliformes fecales y totales, plaguicidas organofosforados, bentos Los resultados de la caracterización fueron comparados con la normativa ambiental vigente y de acuerdo al análisis se obtuvo los respectivos resultados desarrollados en el capítulo 5 de este documento.
The current problematic of the condition of the Estero Salado due to the anthropogenic activities that are carried out, have affected the natural resources. There are different studies on the physical, chemical, biological and economic characteristics, whose results are considered to take measures in order to mitigate the impact generated by the pollution on the estuary, which is why protected areas were defined for their respective conservation. This study focuses on the characterization of physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the proposed area as a new dredge deposit zone for the channel of the Port of Guayaquil, located at coordinates latitude 02º 31 '24.177 "and longitude 80º 03' 46.453". The main objective is to establish a baseline of the water and sediment of the area that will be affected by the discharge of sediments produced by the activities of the dredging, in order to be able to make comparative studies in the future that allow to know the existing variations in the physical, Chemical and biological characteristics of the estuary. The sampling was performed in August 2016 during the dry season, in 18 points of the area of influence, taking into account the respective sampling methods. The parameters analyzed in the water samples are temperature, salinity, pH, OD, BOD5, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, silicate, HDD, SST, turbidity, fecal and total coliforms, hydrocarbons, organophosphorus pesticides, chlorophyll a, phytoplankton, zooplankton . The sediment samples were analyzed for fecal and total coliforms, organophosphorus pesticides, benthos. The results of the characterization were compared with the current environmental regulations and according to the analysis the respective results were obtained developed in chapter 5 of this document.
The current problematic of the condition of the Estero Salado due to the anthropogenic activities that are carried out, have affected the natural resources. There are different studies on the physical, chemical, biological and economic characteristics, whose results are considered to take measures in order to mitigate the impact generated by the pollution on the estuary, which is why protected areas were defined for their respective conservation. This study focuses on the characterization of physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the proposed area as a new dredge deposit zone for the channel of the Port of Guayaquil, located at coordinates latitude 02º 31 '24.177 "and longitude 80º 03' 46.453". The main objective is to establish a baseline of the water and sediment of the area that will be affected by the discharge of sediments produced by the activities of the dredging, in order to be able to make comparative studies in the future that allow to know the existing variations in the physical, Chemical and biological characteristics of the estuary. The sampling was performed in August 2016 during the dry season, in 18 points of the area of influence, taking into account the respective sampling methods. The parameters analyzed in the water samples are temperature, salinity, pH, OD, BOD5, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, silicate, HDD, SST, turbidity, fecal and total coliforms, hydrocarbons, organophosphorus pesticides, chlorophyll a, phytoplankton, zooplankton . The sediment samples were analyzed for fecal and total coliforms, organophosphorus pesticides, benthos. The results of the characterization were compared with the current environmental regulations and according to the analysis the respective results were obtained developed in chapter 5 of this document.
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Dragado del Canal de Acceso al Puerto de Guayawuil, Estero salado, Estuario