Índice de alcohol etílico en conductores y la prevalencia de accidentes de tránsito determinados por ATM en Guayaquil 2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
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Los accidentes de tránsito son originados por diversas circunstancias, uno de los factores principales que causan accidentes de tránsito a nivel mundial es la ingesta de alcohol etílico. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el índice de alcohol etílico en conductores infractores y la prevalencia de los accidentes de tránsito en la ciudad de Guayaquil durante los meses de Septiembre a Diciembre del año 2015 determinados por la ATM. Se confirmó los efectos que producen en el organismo a nivel químico el consumo de alcohol etílico y cómo influye la cantidad de alcohol en los accidentes de tránsito. Para esta investigación se empleó el método descriptivo, bibliográfico, fue un estudio de corte transversal, se llevó a cabo durante los meses de Septiembre a Diciembre del año 2015 de los accidentes de tránsito ocurridos en la urbe de la ciudad de Guayaquil. De los 440 conductores infractores, se determinó que el 35,45% dieron positivo y las pruebas negativas fue de un 62,5%, sin embargo se observó que el 1,82 % de conductores que el índice de alcohol superaba el 0,81 mg/l estuvieron en observación y un fallecido que corresponde al 0,23%. Los meses donde existió prevalencia de accidentes de tránsito fue Noviembre con 35% y Diciembre con 33,86%. Se obtuvo un resultado de los accidentes ocasionados por hombres con 96,36%, mientras que las mujeres ocupan el 3,64%. El índice alcohol de 0,00 a 0,29 mg/l presentó un 68,3%, la concentración de 0,30 a 0,79 mg/l fue de 5,5%, y el grado alcohólico de 0,80 mg/l en adelante fue de 26,3%. Gran parte de accidentes de tránsito por conducir en estado de ebriedad se dio en población que maneja moto con un
80,23% y el 19,77% restante correspondió a los automóviles. La prevalencia de accidentes de tránsito por ingesta de alcohol en Guayaquil en el 2015 fue de
26,3%.
Traffic accidents are caused by various circumstances, one of the main factors that cause traffic accidents worldwide is the consumption of ethyl alcohol. The objective of this investigation was to determine the rate of ethyl alcohol in offending drivers and the prevalence of traffic accidents in the city of Guayaquil during the months of September to December of the year 2015 determined by the ATM. It confirmed the effects that produce in the body at chemical level the consumption of ethyl alcohol and how the amount of alcohol influences in traffic accidents. For this research was used the descriptive, bibliographic method, was a cross-sectional study, was carried out during the months of September to December of the year 2015 of the traffic accidents occurred in the city of Guayaquil. Of the 440 offending drivers, it was determined that 35.45% tested positive and negative tests was 62.5%, however it was observed that 1.82% drivers that the alcohol index exceeded 0.81 Mg / l were observed and a deceased corresponding to 0.23%. The months where there was a prevalence of traffic accidents was November with 35% and December with 33.86%. We obtained a result of the accidents caused by men with 96.36%, while the women occupy 3.64%. The alcohol index of 0.00 to 0.29 mg / l presented 68.3%, the concentration of 0.30 to 0.79 mg / l was 5.5%, and the alcohol content of 0.80 mg / L onwards was 26.3%. Most of the traffic accidents for driving while intoxicated occurred in the population that drives motorcycles with 80.23% and the remaining 19.77% corresponded to automobiles. The prevalence of traffic accidents due to alcohol consumption in Guayaquil in 2015 was 26.3%.
Traffic accidents are caused by various circumstances, one of the main factors that cause traffic accidents worldwide is the consumption of ethyl alcohol. The objective of this investigation was to determine the rate of ethyl alcohol in offending drivers and the prevalence of traffic accidents in the city of Guayaquil during the months of September to December of the year 2015 determined by the ATM. It confirmed the effects that produce in the body at chemical level the consumption of ethyl alcohol and how the amount of alcohol influences in traffic accidents. For this research was used the descriptive, bibliographic method, was a cross-sectional study, was carried out during the months of September to December of the year 2015 of the traffic accidents occurred in the city of Guayaquil. Of the 440 offending drivers, it was determined that 35.45% tested positive and negative tests was 62.5%, however it was observed that 1.82% drivers that the alcohol index exceeded 0.81 Mg / l were observed and a deceased corresponding to 0.23%. The months where there was a prevalence of traffic accidents was November with 35% and December with 33.86%. We obtained a result of the accidents caused by men with 96.36%, while the women occupy 3.64%. The alcohol index of 0.00 to 0.29 mg / l presented 68.3%, the concentration of 0.30 to 0.79 mg / l was 5.5%, and the alcohol content of 0.80 mg / L onwards was 26.3%. Most of the traffic accidents for driving while intoxicated occurred in the population that drives motorcycles with 80.23% and the remaining 19.77% corresponded to automobiles. The prevalence of traffic accidents due to alcohol consumption in Guayaquil in 2015 was 26.3%.
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ALCOHOL ETÍLICO, ACCIDENTE DE TRÁNSITO, PREVALENCIA