Identificación de riesgo psicosocial en trabajadores del cantón Jipijapa en el año 2015.
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2016-11-25
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
La propuesta de éste trabajo de investigación nace de la necesidad
de contar con información base que nos permita evaluar, identificar y
tomar las medidas pertinentes de forma periódica con el fin de prevenir los
posibles efectos que pudieran tener los factores de riesgo psicosocial
sobre la salud de los trabajadores del Complejo Judicial de Jipijapa,
teniendo en cuenta que a la fecha de ésta investigación no existía
información de éste tema en la función judicial. Al inicio del trabajo de
investigación se utilizó el método del 3 por 3 para la identificación de
riesgos laborales del Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el
Trabajo de España (INSHT), donde se pudo identificar que los riesgos
psicosociales son los que más prevalecen dentro de la institución, propias
de la naturaleza del trabajo que es eminentemente trabajo mental. Una
vez identificado el riesgo se procedió a la evaluación de los riesgos
psicosociales, utilizando para este fin el método de evaluación del INSHT
llamado FPSICO 3.0, el mismo que consta de un cuestionario de 44
preguntas y de un programa informático donde se ingresan y tabulan los
resultados del cuestionario dando dos tipos de resultado uno valorativo
general y otro descriptivo por cada factor evaluado. Se trabajó con un
universo de 27 funcionarios judiciales. Luego de la evaluación y el
respectivo ingreso de los datos en el sistema informático obtuvimos que
de los nueve factores ocho presentan una situación adecuada y solo un
factor presenta riesgo muy elevado, cabe indicar que dicho riesgo fue el
de participación / supervisión. A pesar de que los resultados han salido
favorables es importante señalar que la implantación de un sistema de
gestión de seguridad y salud laboral nos permitirá mantener estos
resultados en el tiempo así como la mejora continua del clima laboral y
salvaguardando la salud de los trabajadores, siendo éste la finalidad del
presente trabajo.
The proposal for this research paper was born out of the need to provide periodical, physical data which would allow for the evaluation, identification and taking of relevant means to avoid the potential effects which may be caused by psychological risk factors in relation to the health of employees in the "Complejo Judicial" in Jipijapa. As of the date this research was conducted, there was no data available which would have made such a project possible. To begin this research project, the 3 by 3 method was used, in order to identify the risks associated with work in accordance with the guidelines set out by the National Institute of Safety and Hygiene at Work in Spain (INSHT), where one could identify that psychosocial risk factors are those which are most prevalent in the institution in question, this is as a result of the nature of the work which is predominantly mental. Once the risks had been identified, I proceeded to evaluate the psychological risks using INSHT's evaluation method named FPSICO 3.0. This consisted of a questionnaire with 44 questions and a database where the responses from the questionnaire were entered and tabulated. Two different forms of response were given, the first being an overall assessment and the second separately recording each of the factors evaluated. I worked with a group of 27 court officials. After conducting the evaluation and entering the results into the database, we found that of the nine factors evaluated, eight were judged as not posing a current risk and just one factor was judged as posing a heightened risk to employees, it is pertinent to indicate that the said risk relates to participation/ supervision. Despite the fact that these results are generally favourable, it's important to point out that the implementation of an administration and security system and a system to focus on health at work would aid in maintaining these results going into the future and would help to continue improvements in the work environment and safeguard the health of employees, this being the aim of this present paper.
The proposal for this research paper was born out of the need to provide periodical, physical data which would allow for the evaluation, identification and taking of relevant means to avoid the potential effects which may be caused by psychological risk factors in relation to the health of employees in the "Complejo Judicial" in Jipijapa. As of the date this research was conducted, there was no data available which would have made such a project possible. To begin this research project, the 3 by 3 method was used, in order to identify the risks associated with work in accordance with the guidelines set out by the National Institute of Safety and Hygiene at Work in Spain (INSHT), where one could identify that psychosocial risk factors are those which are most prevalent in the institution in question, this is as a result of the nature of the work which is predominantly mental. Once the risks had been identified, I proceeded to evaluate the psychological risks using INSHT's evaluation method named FPSICO 3.0. This consisted of a questionnaire with 44 questions and a database where the responses from the questionnaire were entered and tabulated. Two different forms of response were given, the first being an overall assessment and the second separately recording each of the factors evaluated. I worked with a group of 27 court officials. After conducting the evaluation and entering the results into the database, we found that of the nine factors evaluated, eight were judged as not posing a current risk and just one factor was judged as posing a heightened risk to employees, it is pertinent to indicate that the said risk relates to participation/ supervision. Despite the fact that these results are generally favourable, it's important to point out that the implementation of an administration and security system and a system to focus on health at work would aid in maintaining these results going into the future and would help to continue improvements in the work environment and safeguard the health of employees, this being the aim of this present paper.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, RIESGO PSICOSOCIAL, TRABAJADORES JUDICIALES, MÉTODO INSHT