Estudio de la influencia del liderazgo participativo sobre la gestión de riesgos psicosociales en un hospital de salud pública del cantón Daule.
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Fecha
2022-04-21
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
La aparición de factores de riesgo psicosociales en sus diversas dimensiones ha
sido valorada en el marco de la pandemia de COVID-19 en 20 enfermeras que
atienden en la primera línea de un Hospital Básico de una zona rural del Ecuador.
El propósito de este trabajo fue determinar la relación existente entre los estilos de
liderazgo, riesgos psicosociales y dimensiones de clima laboral que percibe el
grupo de enfermería. Para ello se aplicó el CAMIN-A, ISTAS 21 Y CLIMA
LABORAL. Posteriormente se aplicó un modelo de equipos virtuales basado en
liderazgo participativo con los profesionales de la salud.
El análisis de datos utilizó la prueba de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon para
comparar las diferencias en los riesgos psicosociales antes y después de la
aplicación del modelo: (nivel de significación α = 5 %), se obtuvo ρ = <.01. Este
valor de ρ sugiere que las hipótesis alternativas (H1 H2) “Existen diferencias
significativas en los riesgos psicosociales y las dimensiones de clima laboral;
gracias a la aplicación de un modelo de liderazgo.” Podría ser cierta. Y se utilizó
la prueba de correlaciones de Rho de Spearman para medir la relación existente
entre las variables: Se obtuvieron valores que van de .446 a .862, fueron obtenidos
(ρ = 0,02 a ρ = 0,049); lo que indica que la magnitud de esta relación es importante
y relevante (H3).
The appearance of psychosocial risk factors in their different dimensions has been assessed in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic in twenty nurses who attend the first line of a Basic Hospital in a rural area of Ecuador. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between leadership styles, psychosocial risks and work environment dimensions perceived by the group of nurses. For this CAMIN-A, ISTAS 21 AND WORK CLIMATE were applied. Subsequently, a model of virtual teams based on participatory leadership was applied with health professionals. The data analysis used the Wilcoxon signed rank test to compare the differences in psychosocial risks before and after the application of the model: (significance level α = 5%), ρ = <.01 was obtained. This value of ρ suggests that the alternative hypotheses (H1 H2) “There are significant differences in the psychosocial risks and the dimensions of work environment; thanks to the application of a leadership model.” It could be true. And the Spearman's Rho correlation test was used to measure the relationship between the variables: values ranging from .446 to .862, were obtained (ρ = 0.02 to ρ = 0.049); which indicates that the magnitude of this relationship is important and relevant (H3).
The appearance of psychosocial risk factors in their different dimensions has been assessed in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic in twenty nurses who attend the first line of a Basic Hospital in a rural area of Ecuador. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between leadership styles, psychosocial risks and work environment dimensions perceived by the group of nurses. For this CAMIN-A, ISTAS 21 AND WORK CLIMATE were applied. Subsequently, a model of virtual teams based on participatory leadership was applied with health professionals. The data analysis used the Wilcoxon signed rank test to compare the differences in psychosocial risks before and after the application of the model: (significance level α = 5%), ρ = <.01 was obtained. This value of ρ suggests that the alternative hypotheses (H1 H2) “There are significant differences in the psychosocial risks and the dimensions of work environment; thanks to the application of a leadership model.” It could be true. And the Spearman's Rho correlation test was used to measure the relationship between the variables: values ranging from .446 to .862, were obtained (ρ = 0.02 to ρ = 0.049); which indicates that the magnitude of this relationship is important and relevant (H3).
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Palabras clave
SEGURIDAD, SALUD E HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL, LIDERAZGO PARTICIPATIVO, RIESGOS PSICOSOCIALES, SALUD PÚBLICA