Tratamiento y complicaciones de la enfermedad de kawasaki en pacientes pediátricos
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La Enfermedad de Kawasaki es una patología de la infancia, con predominio en
varones, menores de 5 años, es una vasculitis sistémica, autolimitada, de etiología
desconocida y es potencialmente grave por sus complicaciones, que pueden llevar a la
muerte. Por lo que genera como objetivo Evaluar el tratamiento y complicaciones de la
enfermedad de Kawasaki en pacientes pediátricos del hospital Francisco de Icaza
Bustamante. Es un estudio cuantitativo, corte transversal, descriptivo, analítico-sintético, no
experimental; realizado en un lapso de 4 años. De un total de 60 pacientes con diagnóstico
de Enfermedad de Kawasaki, donde el 70% eran varones ; con predominio en la edad
prescolar de 1 a 4 años el 70%, los pacientes con diagnóstico de EK completo fueron el 95%
con Kawasaki incompleto 5%; referente al tratamiento el 100% recibió Inmunoglobulinas
y Ácido Acetilsalicílico; 3.3%pacientes utilizaron una segunda dosis de Inmunoglobulina y
al no ver respuesta 3.3% pacientes utilizaron Monoclonal y Corticoides; la fase en la que se
utilizó el tratamiento de elección fue en la fase subaguda, donde se observó con mayor
frecuencia el 59.9% complicaciones cardiovasculares, donde el 50% corresponde a los
aneurismas pequeños. Se demostró que las Inmunoglobulinas y el Ácido Acetilsalicílico es
el tratamiento de elección de esta patología y que su uso en la fase subaguda da mayores
complicaciones principalmente cardiovasculares como los aneurismas.
The Kawasaki Disease is a pathology of childhood, predominantly in boy, less than 5 years old, is a systemic vasculitis, autolimited of unknown etiology, it is potentially serious because of its complications, which can take you to death. Which generated the objective of evaluating the treatment and complications of Kawasaki disease in pediatric patients of the hospital Francisco Icaza of Bustamante. It is a quantitative study, cross-sectional, descriptive, synthetic analytical, not experimental, conducted over a period of four years. On a total of 60 patients with diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease, where de 70% were male, with prevalence in preschool age from 1 to 4 age of the 70%, the patients with diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease complete where the 95% with kawasaki incomplete 5%, relating to the treatment 100% receive Immunoglobulins and Acetylsalicylic Acid, seeing no response 3.3% of the patients they use a second dose of Immunoglobulins and seeing no response 3.3% of the patients they use Monoclonal and Corticosteroids, phase in which the treatment of choice used was the phase subacute, where it is observed more frequently the 59.9% of cardiovascular complications, where the 50% corresponds to small aneurysm. It demonstrated that immunoglobulins and aspirin is the treatment of choice of this disease, which it was used in the subacute phase with major complications, mainly cardiovascular and aneurysm.
The Kawasaki Disease is a pathology of childhood, predominantly in boy, less than 5 years old, is a systemic vasculitis, autolimited of unknown etiology, it is potentially serious because of its complications, which can take you to death. Which generated the objective of evaluating the treatment and complications of Kawasaki disease in pediatric patients of the hospital Francisco Icaza of Bustamante. It is a quantitative study, cross-sectional, descriptive, synthetic analytical, not experimental, conducted over a period of four years. On a total of 60 patients with diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease, where de 70% were male, with prevalence in preschool age from 1 to 4 age of the 70%, the patients with diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease complete where the 95% with kawasaki incomplete 5%, relating to the treatment 100% receive Immunoglobulins and Acetylsalicylic Acid, seeing no response 3.3% of the patients they use a second dose of Immunoglobulins and seeing no response 3.3% of the patients they use Monoclonal and Corticosteroids, phase in which the treatment of choice used was the phase subacute, where it is observed more frequently the 59.9% of cardiovascular complications, where the 50% corresponds to small aneurysm. It demonstrated that immunoglobulins and aspirin is the treatment of choice of this disease, which it was used in the subacute phase with major complications, mainly cardiovascular and aneurysm.
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Síndrome mucocutáneo linfonodular, Pediatría, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital del Niño Francisco de Icaza Bustamante, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador