Evaluación del Rendimiento y Calidad del Alginato de Sodio a partir del Aprovechamiento de las Algas Rojas de la Familia Rhodophytas en las Costas de Capaes como un recurso alternativo al Alguinato Comercial existente en el Mercado
Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
El alginato es un polisacárido derivado del ácido algínico que se encuentra en las paredes celulares de las algas marinas teniendo una gran variedad de usos, desde espesantes hasta uso odontológico.
Las algas más usadas a nivel comercial para la obtención de alginato son: Ascophyllum Laminaria, Laminaria y Macrocystis Piryfera; especies que se encuentran en abundancia en todos los océanos.
En las costas del Ecuador, específicamente en las costas de Capaes, provincia de Santa Elena, en la época invernal, se encuentra en sus playas entre las diferentes especies de algas, el alga GracilariaTextorii, razón por la cual la presente investigación pretende establecer el uso de la misma, como un recurso alternativo en la obtención de Alginato. La presente investigación se basó en la metodología propuesta por Carmona, basada en un proceso mejorado de extracciones ácidas y alcalinas. Al aplicar el proceso se obtuvo un rendimiento del 11,82% y una viscosidad de 60 cps, lo que permite demostrar la viabilidad de obtención del producto así como el uso del alga de estudio como una alternativa al Alginato comercial existente en el mercado. Sin embargo es necesario tener en cuenta los
principales factores que influyen en la calidad del mismo, como son la relación del perfil aminoacídico del alga GracilariaTextorii referente a su maduración, así como el control en el almacenamiento y secado que repercuten directamente en la viscosidad del producto.
Alginate is a polysaccharide derived from alginic acid found in the cell walls of marine algae having a wide variety of uses, from thickeners to dental use. The algae most commonly used commercially to obtain alginate are: Ascophyllum, Laminaria, Laminaria and Macrocystis Pyryfera; Species that are found in abundance in all oceans. On the coasts of Ecuador, specifically on the coasts of Capes, province of Santa Elena, during the winter season, the algae Gracilaria Textorii is found on its beaches among the different species of algae. Use of it, as an alternative resource in obtaining Alginate. The present investigation was based on the methodology proposed by Carmona, based on an improved process of acid and alkaline extractions. When the process was applied, a yield of 11.82% and a viscosity of 60 cps were obtained, which allows to demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining the product as well as the use of the study algae as an alternative to the commercial Alginate available on the market. However, it is necessary to take into account the main factors influencing its quality, such as the relationship of the amino acid profile of the Gracilaria Textorii algae related to its maturation, as well as the control in storage and drying that directly affect the viscosity of the product.
Alginate is a polysaccharide derived from alginic acid found in the cell walls of marine algae having a wide variety of uses, from thickeners to dental use. The algae most commonly used commercially to obtain alginate are: Ascophyllum, Laminaria, Laminaria and Macrocystis Pyryfera; Species that are found in abundance in all oceans. On the coasts of Ecuador, specifically on the coasts of Capes, province of Santa Elena, during the winter season, the algae Gracilaria Textorii is found on its beaches among the different species of algae. Use of it, as an alternative resource in obtaining Alginate. The present investigation was based on the methodology proposed by Carmona, based on an improved process of acid and alkaline extractions. When the process was applied, a yield of 11.82% and a viscosity of 60 cps were obtained, which allows to demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining the product as well as the use of the study algae as an alternative to the commercial Alginate available on the market. However, it is necessary to take into account the main factors influencing its quality, such as the relationship of the amino acid profile of the Gracilaria Textorii algae related to its maturation, as well as the control in storage and drying that directly affect the viscosity of the product.
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Alginato comercial, Arginina, Costa Capaes, Gracilaria Textorii