Análisis de la calidad del agua para uso agrícola del río La Esperanza, cantón El Carmen, Provincia de Manabí
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2022
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
La agricultura en el cantón El Carmen presenta un rol muy importante, siendo así que dentro del cantón existe 37.41% de superficie de suelos dedicados a esta actividad, para la cual como método de riego utilizan las aguas provenientes de los ríos propios del cantón y debido a que no existen análisis realizados a la calidad de agua que presentan los mismo, se realizó el presente trabajo de investigación, el cual tiene como fin analizar la calidad del agua para uso agrícola del río La Esperanza. Para el trabajo se localizaron tres puntos de muestreo, a los que se les analizo parámetros como pH, C.E., TDS, Temperatura, además del contenido de Ca, K, Na, Mg, CO3, HCO3, SO4 y la dureza que presenta en sus aguas. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se le calculo la salinidad efectiva, salinidad potencial, el RAS, el PSI y el CSR, esto con el fin de conocer su calidad en base a criterios de salinidad y sodicidad y poder comparar con la normativa ambiental nacional y también con las directrices dadas por la FAO. En base a todo lo expuesto se concluyó la desestimación de la hipótesis de estudio, puesto que quedo comprobado que los niveles de salinidad y sodicidad fueron bajos y por lo tanto no se evidenciaron alteraciones que generen riesgos en los suelos agrícolas aledaños.
Agriculture in the canton of El Carmen has a very important role, being so within the canton there is 37.41% of land area dedicated to this activity, for which as a method of irrigation using water from the rivers of the canton and because there are no analysis of the quality of water that have the same, this research work was conducted, which aims to analyze the quality of water for agricultural use of the river La Esperanza. Three sampling points were located and parameters such as pH, C.E., SDT, temperature, Ca, K, Na, Mg, CO3, HCO3, SO4 and water hardness were analyzed. From the results obtained, the effective salinity, potential salinity, RAS, PSI and CSR were calculated to know its quality based on salinity and sodicity criteria and to be able to compare with the national environmental regulations and with the guidelines given by FAO. Based on the above, it was concluded that the study hypothesis was rejected, since it was proven that the salinity and sodicity levels were low and therefore there was no evidence of alterations that could generate risks in the surrounding agricultural soils.
Agriculture in the canton of El Carmen has a very important role, being so within the canton there is 37.41% of land area dedicated to this activity, for which as a method of irrigation using water from the rivers of the canton and because there are no analysis of the quality of water that have the same, this research work was conducted, which aims to analyze the quality of water for agricultural use of the river La Esperanza. Three sampling points were located and parameters such as pH, C.E., SDT, temperature, Ca, K, Na, Mg, CO3, HCO3, SO4 and water hardness were analyzed. From the results obtained, the effective salinity, potential salinity, RAS, PSI and CSR were calculated to know its quality based on salinity and sodicity criteria and to be able to compare with the national environmental regulations and with the guidelines given by FAO. Based on the above, it was concluded that the study hypothesis was rejected, since it was proven that the salinity and sodicity levels were low and therefore there was no evidence of alterations that could generate risks in the surrounding agricultural soils.
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CALIDAD DE AGUA, RIEGO, SALINIDAD, SODICIDAD, TULSMA, FAO